{"id":2261,"date":"2023-03-16T17:48:57","date_gmt":"2023-03-16T15:48:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/amit.org.il\/atzmaut\/?p=2261"},"modified":"2023-03-16T17:48:57","modified_gmt":"2023-03-16T15:48:57","slug":"75-%d7%a0%d7%a2%d7%9e%d7%99-%d7%a9%d7%9e%d7%a8-1930-2004-%d7%95%d7%94%d7%a9%d7%99%d7%a8-%d7%99%d7%a8%d7%95%d7%a9%d7%9c%d7%99%d7%9d-%d7%a9%d7%9c-%d7%96%d7%94%d7%91","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/amit.org.il\/atzmaut\/2023\/03\/16\/75-%d7%a0%d7%a2%d7%9e%d7%99-%d7%a9%d7%9e%d7%a8-1930-2004-%d7%95%d7%94%d7%a9%d7%99%d7%a8-%d7%99%d7%a8%d7%95%d7%a9%d7%9c%d7%99%d7%9d-%d7%a9%d7%9c-%d7%96%d7%94%d7%91\/","title":{"rendered":"75. \u05e0\u05e2\u05de\u05d9 \u05e9\u05de\u05e8\u00a0 (1930-2004) \u05d5\u05d4\u05e9\u05d9\u05e8 &#8216;\u05d9\u05e8\u05d5\u05e9\u05dc\u05d9\u05dd \u05e9\u05dc \u05d6\u05d4\u05d1&#8217;\u00a0\u00a0"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wpb-content-wrapper\"><div id=\"modal-ready\">[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1678981707026{margin-bottom: 0px !important;}&#8221;]<span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><b>\u05e0\u05e2\u05de\u05d9 \u05e9\u05de\u05e8\u00a0 (1930-2004) \u05d5\u05d4\u05e9\u05d9\u05e8 &#8216;\u05d9\u05e8\u05d5\u05e9\u05dc\u05d9\u05dd \u05e9\u05dc \u05d6\u05d4\u05d1&#8217;\u00a0\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-2262 alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/amit.org.il\/atzmaut\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/111\/2023\/03\/unnamed-file-20.jpg\" alt=\"\u05e0\u05e2\u05de\u05d9 \u05e9\u05de\u05e8\" width=\"237\" height=\"240\" srcset=\"https:\/\/amit.org.il\/atzmaut\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/111\/2023\/03\/unnamed-file-20.jpg 237w, https:\/\/amit.org.il\/atzmaut\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/111\/2023\/03\/unnamed-file-20-60x60.jpg 60w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 237px) 100vw, 237px\" \/>\u05e0\u05e2\u05de\u05d9 \u05e9\u05de\u05e8 \u05e0\u05d5\u05dc\u05d3\u05d4 \u05d1\u05e7\u05d1\u05d5\u05e6\u05ea \u05db\u05e0\u05e8\u05ea \u05d1\u05d0\u05e8\u05e5 \u05d9\u05e9\u05e8\u05d0\u05dc \u05d4\u05de\u05e0\u05d3\u05d8\u05d5\u05e8\u05d9\u05ea \u05dc\u05e8\u05d1\u05e7\u05d4 \u05d5\u05de\u05d0\u05d9\u05e8 \u05e1\u05e4\u05d9\u05e8, \u05d7\u05dc\u05d5\u05e6\u05d9\u05dd \u05e9\u05e2\u05dc\u05d5 \u05d1\u05e2\u05dc\u05d9\u05d9\u05d4 \u05d4\u05e9\u05dc\u05d9\u05e9\u05d9\u05ea \u05de\u05d5\u05d9\u05dc\u05e0\u05d4. \u05d4\u05ea\u05d7\u05e0\u05db\u05d4 \u05d1\u05d1\u05d9\u05ea \u05d4\u05d7\u05d9\u05e0\u05d5\u05da \u05d4\u05d0\u05d6\u05d5\u05e8\u05d9 \u05d1\u05d3\u05d2\u05e0\u05d9\u05d4 \u05d5\u05d1\u05ea\u05d9\u05db\u05d5\u05df \u05d4\u05d7\u05e7\u05dc\u05d0\u05d9 \u05d1\u05d9\u05ea \u05d9\u05e8\u05d7. \u05d1\u05e6\u05d3 \u05d4\u05d7\u05d9\u05e0\u05d5\u05da \u05d4\u05e6\u05d9\u05d5\u05e0\u05d9-\u05e7\u05d9\u05d1\u05d5\u05e6\u05d9 \u05e9\u05e7\u05d9\u05d1\u05dc\u05d4 \u05d4\u05ea\u05d5\u05d5\u05d3\u05e2\u05d4 \u05dc\u05de\u05e1\u05d5\u05e8\u05ea \u05d4\u05d9\u05d4\u05d5\u05d3\u05d9\u05ea, \u05d1\u05d7\u05e9\u05d9\u05e4\u05d4 \u05dc\u05de\u05e7\u05e8\u05d0 \u05d5\u05dc\u05de\u05d3\u05e8\u05e9\u05d9 \u05d7\u05d6\u05f4\u05dc. \u05d4\u05e4\u05d2\u05d9\u05e0\u05d4 \u05d9\u05e6\u05d9\u05e8\u05ea\u05d9\u05d5\u05ea \u05d5\u05db\u05d9\u05e9\u05e8\u05d5\u05df \u05d1\u05ea\u05d7\u05d5\u05de\u05d9 \u05d4\u05e6\u05dc\u05d9\u05dc \u05d5\u05d4\u05de\u05d9\u05dc\u05d4 \u05db\u05d1\u05e8 \u05d1\u05d9\u05dc\u05d3\u05d5\u05ea\u05d4. \u05d7\u05d9\u05e0\u05d5\u05db\u05d4 \u05d4\u05de\u05d5\u05d6\u05d9\u05e7\u05dc\u05d9 \u05d4\u05d7\u05dc \u05d1\u05d2\u05d9\u05dc \u05e6\u05e2\u05d9\u05e8. \u05d1\u05d1\u05d2\u05e8\u05d5\u05ea\u05d4 \u05dc\u05de\u05d3\u05d4 \u05de\u05d5\u05d6\u05d9\u05e7\u05d4 \u05d1\u05e7\u05d5\u05e0\u05e1\u05e8\u05d1\u05d8\u05d5\u05e8\u05d9\u05d5\u05df \u05d4\u05d0\u05e8\u05e5-\u05d9\u05e9\u05e8\u05d0\u05dc\u05d9 \u05d1\u05ea\u05dc \u05d0\u05d1\u05d9\u05d1 \u05d5\u05d1\u05d0\u05e7\u05d3\u05de\u05d9\u05d4 \u05dc\u05de\u05d5\u05d6\u05d9\u05e7\u05d4 \u05d1\u05d9\u05e8\u05d5\u05e9\u05dc\u05d9\u05dd. \u05dc\u05d0\u05d7\u05e8 \u05de\u05db\u05df \u05e2\u05d1\u05d3\u05d4 \u05db\u05de\u05d5\u05e8\u05d4 \u05dc\u05e8\u05d9\u05ea\u05de\u05d9\u05e7\u05d4 \u05dc\u05d9\u05dc\u05d3\u05d9 \u05e7\u05d1\u05d5\u05e6\u05ea \u05db\u05e0\u05e8\u05ea, \u05d5\u05e9\u05dd \u05d9\u05e6\u05e8\u05d4 \u05d0\u05ea \u05e9\u05d9\u05e8\u05d9 \u05d4\u05d6\u05de\u05e8 \u05d4\u05e8\u05d0\u05e9\u05d5\u05e0\u05d9\u05dd \u05e9\u05dc\u05d4, \u05e9\u05d4\u05d9\u05d5 \u05e9\u05d9\u05e8\u05d9 \u05d9\u05dc\u05d3\u05d9\u05dd (\u05db\u05d3\u05d5\u05d2\u05de\u05ea \u05f4\u05d4\u05d3\u05d5\u05d0\u05e8 \u05d1\u05d0 \u05d4\u05d9\u05d5\u05dd\u05f4). \u05e9\u05e0\u05d9\u05dd \u05e1\u05e4\u05d5\u05e8\u05d5\u05ea \u05d0\u05d7\u05e8 \u05db\u05da \u05e0\u05db\u05dc\u05dc\u05d5 \u05e9\u05d9\u05e8\u05d9\u05dd \u05d0\u05dc\u05d4 \u05d1\u05ea\u05e7\u05dc\u05d9\u05d8 \u05d4\u05e8\u05d0\u05e9\u05d5\u05df \u05e9\u05dc \u05e9\u05d9\u05e8\u05d9\u05d4 \u05f4\u05e9\u05d9\u05e8\u05d9\u05dd \u05de\u05db\u05bc\u05b4\u05e0\u05bc\u05b6\u05e8\u05b6\u05ea\u05f4, \u05d1\u05d1\u05d9\u05e6\u05d5\u05e2 \u05d9\u05e4\u05d4 \u05d9\u05e8\u05e7\u05d5\u05e0\u05d9 (1957).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt;\">\u05d4\u05e9\u05d9\u05e8 \u05e9\u05e1\u05d9\u05de\u05df \u05d0\u05ea \u05e4\u05e8\u05d9\u05e6\u05ea \u05d4\u05d3\u05e8\u05da \u05d4\u05e8\u05d0\u05e9\u05d5\u05e0\u05d4 \u05e9\u05dc\u05d4 \u05dc\u05ea\u05d5\u05d3\u05e2\u05d4 \u05d5\u05dc\u05e4\u05d6\u05de\u05d5\u05e0\u05d0\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05db\u05dc\u05dc\u05d9\u05ea \u05d4\u05d9\u05d4 \u05f4\u05de\u05e9\u05d9\u05e8\u05d9 \u05d6\u05de\u05e8 \u05e0\u05d5\u05d3\u05d3\u05f4, \u05e9\u05d1\u05d9\u05e6\u05e2\u05d4 \u05dc\u05d4\u05e7\u05ea \u05f4\u05d1\u05e6\u05dc \u05d9\u05e8\u05d5\u05e7\u05f4 \u05d1\u05ea\u05d5\u05db\u05e0\u05d9\u05ea\u05d4 \u05d4\u05e8\u05d0\u05e9\u05d5\u05e0\u05d4, \u05d1-1957. \u05d1\u05d4\u05de\u05e9\u05da \u05db\u05ea\u05d1\u05d4 \u05dc\u05dc\u05d4\u05e7\u05d5\u05ea \u05e6\u05d1\u05d0\u05d9\u05d5\u05ea \u05d5\u05d0\u05d6\u05e8\u05d7\u05d9\u05d5\u05ea, \u05dc\u05e1\u05d5\u05dc\u05e0\u05d9\u05dd, \u05dc\u05ea\u05d9\u05d0\u05d8\u05e8\u05d5\u05df \u05d5\u05dc\u05e7\u05d5\u05dc\u05e0\u05d5\u05e2. \u05d4\u05e1\u05e4\u05e8 \u05d4\u05e8\u05d0\u05e9\u05d5\u05df \u05e9\u05d1\u05d5 \u05e7\u05d5\u05d1\u05e6\u05d5 \u05d1\u05d3\u05e4\u05d5\u05e1 \u05e9\u05d9\u05e8\u05d9 \u05d4\u05d6\u05de\u05e8 \u05e9\u05dc\u05d4 \u05de\u05d0\u05d5\u05ea\u05d4 \u05ea\u05e7\u05d5\u05e4\u05d4 (\u05f4\u05db\u05dc \u05d4\u05e9\u05d9\u05e8\u05d9\u05dd\u05f4), \u05d4\u05ea\u05e4\u05e8\u05e1\u05dd \u05d1-1967. \u05dc\u05d1\u05d3 \u05de\u05de\u05e0\u05d5 \u05e4\u05e8\u05e1\u05de\u05d4 \u05e2\u05d5\u05d3 \u05e9\u05d9\u05e9\u05d4 \u05e1\u05e4\u05e8\u05d9\u05dd, \u05d5\u05d1\u05d4\u05dd \u05e1\u05e4\u05e8\u05d4 \u05d4\u05d0\u05d7\u05e8\u05d5\u05df \u05f4\u05e1\u05d9\u05de\u05e0\u05d9 \u05d3\u05e8\u05da: 121 \u05e9\u05d9\u05e8\u05d9\u05dd \u05e0\u05d1\u05d7\u05e8\u05d9\u05dd\u05f4 (2003). \u05dc\u05d0\u05d7\u05e8 \u05de\u05d5\u05ea\u05d4 \u05e0\u05d3\u05e4\u05e1\u05d4 \u05d0\u05e0\u05ea\u05d5\u05dc\u05d5\u05d2\u05d9\u05d4 \u05e9\u05dc \u05e9\u05d9\u05e8\u05d9 \u05d4\u05d9\u05dc\u05d3\u05d9\u05dd \u05e9\u05db\u05ea\u05d1\u05d4.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt;\">\u05d9\u05e6\u05d9\u05e8\u05ea\u05d4 \u05e2\u05e1\u05e7\u05d4 \u05d1\u05e0\u05d5\u05e9\u05d0\u05d9\u05dd \u05de\u05d2\u05d5\u05d5\u05e0\u05d9\u05dd: \u05d8\u05d1\u05e2 \u05d5\u05e0\u05d5\u05e3, \u05d0\u05e8\u05e1\u05e4\u05d5\u05d0\u05d8\u05d9\u05e7\u05d4, \u05d0\u05d4\u05d1\u05d4 \u05e8\u05d5\u05de\u05e0\u05d8\u05d9\u05ea, \u05d4\u05dc\u05e6\u05d4 \u05d5\u05d7\u05d9\u05d3\u05d5\u05d3, \u05d4\u05d7\u05d9\u05d9\u05dd \u05d1\u05d0\u05e8\u05e5, \u05e2\u05d5\u05dc\u05dd \u05d4\u05e6\u05d1\u05d0 \u05d5\u05d4\u05d7\u05d9\u05d9\u05dc\u05d9\u05dd, \u05e2\u05d5\u05dc\u05dd \u05d4\u05d9\u05dc\u05d3\u05d9\u05dd, \u05d0\u05d1\u05dc \u05d5\u05d6\u05d9\u05db\u05e8\u05d5\u05df, \u05d5\u05d4\u05e2\u05d9\u05e8 \u05d9\u05e8\u05d5\u05e9\u05dc\u05d9\u05dd. \u05de\u05e7\u05d5\u05dd \u05e9\u05dc \u05db\u05d1\u05d5\u05d3 \u05d1\u05db\u05ea\u05d9\u05d1\u05ea\u05d4 \u05e0\u05e9\u05de\u05e8 \u05dc\u05db\u05e0\u05e8\u05ea \u05d5\u05e2\u05de\u05e7 \u05d4\u05d9\u05e8\u05d3\u05df, \u05d5\u05dc\u05d0 \u05de\u05e2\u05d8 \u05d2\u05dd \u05dc\u05ea\u05dc \u05d0\u05d1\u05d9\u05d1, \u05e9\u05d1\u05d4 \u05d4\u05ea\u05d2\u05d5\u05e8\u05e8\u05d4 \u05e8\u05d5\u05d1 \u05d7\u05d9\u05d9\u05d4.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u05d4\u05e9\u05d9\u05e8 \u05e9\u05d4\u05db\u05e0\u05d9\u05e1 \u05d0\u05ea \u05e9\u05de\u05e8 \u05dc\u05d4\u05d9\u05db\u05dc \u05d4\u05ea\u05d4\u05d9\u05dc\u05d4 \u05e9\u05dc \u05e4\u05d6\u05de\u05d5\u05e0\u05d0\u05d9 \u05d9\u05e9\u05e8\u05d0\u05dc \u05d4\u05d9\u05d4 <\/span><b><i>\u05d9\u05e8\u05d5\u05e9\u05dc\u05d9\u05dd \u05e9\u05dc \u05d6\u05d4\u05d1<\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, \u05e9\u05e0\u05db\u05ea\u05d1 \u05d1\u05e1\u05de\u05d5\u05da \u05dc\u05ea\u05e7\u05d5\u05e4\u05d4 \u05d4\u05e7\u05e9\u05d4 \u05d5\u05de\u05dc\u05d0\u05ea \u05d4\u05d7\u05e9\u05e9\u05d5\u05ea \u05e9\u05e7\u05d3\u05de\u05d4 \u05dc\u05de\u05dc\u05d7\u05de\u05ea \u05e9\u05e9\u05ea \u05d4\u05d9\u05de\u05d9\u05dd, \u05d1\u05d0\u05d1\u05d9\u05d1 1967. \u05d1\u05e2\u05e7\u05d1\u05d5\u05ea \u05d4\u05e9\u05d9\u05e8 \u05d4\u05d6\u05d4 \u05e7\u05d9\u05d1\u05dc\u05d4 \u05db\u05ea\u05d9\u05d1\u05ea\u05d4 \u05de\u05de\u05d3 \u05dc\u05d0\u05d5\u05de\u05d9. \u05e9\u05de\u05e8 \u05e0\u05d7\u05e9\u05d1\u05d4 \u05d3\u05de\u05d5\u05ea \u05dc\u05d0\u05d5\u05de\u05d9\u05ea, \u05d5\u05e0\u05d5\u05e6\u05e8\u05d4 \u05e6\u05d9\u05e4\u05d9\u05d9\u05d4 \u05e9\u05ea\u05db\u05ea\u05d5\u05d1 \u05d4\u05de\u05e0\u05d5\u05e0\u05d5\u05ea \u05d1\u05e8\u05d2\u05e2\u05d9 \u05de\u05e9\u05d1\u05e8 \u05db\u05d1\u05e8\u05d2\u05e2\u05d9 \u05d6\u05d5\u05d4\u05e8. \u05d5\u05d0\u05db\u05df, \u05d1\u05de\u05dc\u05d7\u05de\u05ea \u05d9\u05d5\u05dd \u05d4\u05db\u05d9\u05e4\u05d5\u05e8\u05d9\u05dd \u05d4\u05d9\u05d0 \u05db\u05ea\u05d1\u05d4 \u05d0\u05ea \u05f4\u05dc\u05d5 \u05d9\u05d4\u05d9\u05f4, \u05d5\u05e9\u05d9\u05e8 \u05d6\u05d4 \u05d4\u05d9\u05d4 \u05dc\u05d0\u05d7\u05d3 \u05d4\u05e9\u05d9\u05e8\u05d9\u05dd \u05d4\u05de\u05e8\u05db\u05d6\u05d9\u05d9\u05dd \u05e9\u05dc \u05d4\u05de\u05dc\u05d7\u05de\u05d4, \u05dc\u05d0\u05d7\u05e8 \u05e8\u05e6\u05d7 \u05e8\u05d1\u05d9\u05df \u05ea\u05e8\u05d2\u05de\u05d4 \u05d5\u05d4\u05dc\u05d7\u05d9\u05e0\u05d4 \u05d0\u05ea \u05f4\u05d4\u05d5, \u05e8\u05d1 \u05d7\u05d5\u05d1\u05dc\u05f4 \u05e9\u05dc \u05d5\u05d9\u05d8\u05de\u05df, \u05d5\u05e2\u05d5\u05d3.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-size: 14pt;\">\u05dc\u05d0\u05d5\u05e8\u05da \u05d4\u05e9\u05e0\u05d9\u05dd \u05e7\u05d9\u05d1\u05dc\u05d4 \u05d4\u05d5\u05e7\u05e8\u05d4 \u05e0\u05e8\u05d7\u05d1\u05ea 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